ABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19, which occurred at the end of December 2019, has evolved into a global public health threat. COVID-19’s high infectivity and mortality prompt governments and scientific community to respond quickly to the outbreak of the pandemic. The application of personal protective equipment (PPE) is of great significance in overcoming the epidemic situation. Although there were many studies about PPE and COVID-19, there is no study about bibliometric analysis of these studies. This study aims to provide a general overview of studies on PPE and COVID-19. Methods: On October 07, 2021, the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database was used to identify documents on PPE and COVID-19. HistCite and VOSviewer softwares were used for citation analysis and visualization mapping. Results: A total of 1462 documents authored by 6993 authors and published in 750 journals were included in the final analysis. The most prolific author was Macintyre CR. The USA was the most productive country with 463 published documents. The leading journal was Plos One. Network visualization map showed that USA was the largest international collaboration network. The keyword “COVID-19” had the strongest total link strengths (TLS) and largest number of occurrences. The New England Journal of Medicine was the leading source with highest TLS. The University of Toronto had the highest number of links and the highest TLS. Conclusions: The bibliometric analysis of PPE and COVID-19 provides an overall perspective, and the appreciation and study of these influential publications are very useful for future research.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
Background: Previous studies have shown that prone position may be beneficial for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) in COVID-19 patients, but the results are not consistent, especially in terms of oxygenation outcomes and intubation rate. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of prone position on AHRF in COVID-19 patients with all randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: An extensive search of online databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from December 1, 2019 to October 30, 2022, with no language restrictions. This systematic review and meta-analysis are based on the PRISMA statement and has been registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the registered ID: CRD42022367885. We only included RCTs and used Cochrane risk assessment tool for quality assessment. Results: Twelve RCTs fulfilled the selection criteria and 3154 patients were included. Meta-analysis found that patients in prone position group had more significant improvement in the SpO2/FiO2 ratio (mean difference [MD]: 29.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39 to 48.13; P=0.001) compared with usual care. Prone position also reduced the need for intubation (odd ratio [OR]: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.62 to 0.85; P＜0.0001; I2=0%). There was no significant difference in mortality, hospital length of stay, incidence of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and adverse events between the two groups. Conclusions: Prone position was a promising intervention method, which is beneficial to improve the oxygenation of patients with ARDS or AHRF caused by COVID-19 and can reduce the need for intubation. However, prone position had no significant difference in mortality, hospital length of stay, incidence of ICU admission and adverse events.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Respiratory Insufficiency , Respiratory Distress SyndromeABSTRACT
A global pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is ongoing spread. It remains unclear whether the convalescing patients have a risk of reinfection. Rhesus macaques were rechallenged with SARS-CoV-2 during an early recovery phase from initial infection characterized by weight loss, interstitial pneumonia and systemic viral dissemination mainly in respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. The monkeys rechallenged with the identical SARS-CoV-2 strain have failed to produce detectable viral dissemination, clinical manifestations and histopathological changes. A notably enhanced neutralizing antibody response might contribute the protection of rhesus macaques from the reinfection by SARS-CoV-2. Our results indicated that primary SARS-CoV-2 infection protects from subsequent reinfection. One Sentence SummaryNeutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 might protect rhesus macaques which have undergone an initial infection from reinfection during early recovery days.
Subject(s)
Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Virus Diseases , Weight Loss , COVID-19 , Respiratory InsufficiencyABSTRACT
The outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is highly transmitted. The potential extra-respiratory transmission routes remain uncertain. Five rhesus macaques were inoculated with 1x106 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 via conjunctival (CJ), intratracheal (IT), and intragastric (IG) routes, respectively. Remarkably, the CJ inoculated-macaques developed mild interstitial pneumonia and viral load was detectable in the conjunctival swabs at 1 days post-inoculation (dpi). Only via IT inoculation, viral load was detected in the anal swab at 1-7 dpi and macaque showed weight loss. However, viral load was undetectable after IG inoculation. Comparatively, viral load was higher in the nasolacrimal system but lesions of lung were relatively mild and local via CJ inoculation compared with that via IT inoculation, demonstrating distinct characteristics of virus dispersion. Both the two routes affected the alimentary tract. Therefore the clinicians need to protect eye while working with patients.